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Glossary

The bowl, decoded.
Term by term.

The pet food industry loves acronyms. We translate them here into plain language.

AAFCO

Association of American Feed Control Officials. North American reference for minimum nutritional profiles. "AAFCO All Life Stages" = the formula covers puppy, adult and senior.

BCS (Body Condition Score)

Body score on 9 levels (1 = very thin, 5 = ideal, 9 = morbid obesity).

Brachycephaly

Flat-muzzle morphology (Bulldog, Boston, Pug, Shih Tzu). Requires nutritional adaptations.

Chelated minerals

Bound to an amino acid to improve bioavailability. 30-40% better absorbed.

DCM (Dilated Cardiomyopathy)

Heart disease where the muscle thins and dilates. Under FDA surveillance since 2018.

Glucosamine + Chondroitin

Precursors of joint cartilage components. Yuna integrates them starting with the adult formula.

HACCP

International food safety management system used in certified facilities.

Hypoallergenic

Formula designed to avoid common allergens. At Yuna, salmon recipe with no chicken/beef/lamb.

L-carnitine

Cofactor in cardiac energy metabolism. Yuna supplements it at 0.02%.

Legumes

Capped at Yuna at 17-18% (vs 30-40% in brands associated with DCM cases).

Marine omega-3 (EPA / DHA)

Essential fatty acids from fish. EPA for inflammation, DHA for brain and eyes.

Metabolizable energy (ME)

Energy actually usable by the dog after digestion. Yuna ~3,650 kcal/kg.

Mixed tocopherols

Natural form of vitamin E used as a preservative. Replaces BHA, BHT, ethoxyquin.

Probiotics / Prebiotics

Probiotics = beneficial bacteria. Prebiotics = fibres that feed them (chicory). Yuna integrates both.

RER (Resting Energy Requirement)

Energy a dog spends at rest. 70 × (weight in kg)^0.75. Multiplied by an activity factor.

Sweet potato

Low-glycemic-index tuber. Our main starch (15% of the formula).

Taurine

Sulphur amino acid critical to cardiac function. Yuna supplements it systematically, as a precaution.

WSAVA

World Small Animal Veterinary Association. Publishes the Global Nutrition Guidelines.

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